Rum regions

Sylvia Simm | 27. February 2024

Let us further categorise the diverse spirit rum. Rum is now produced in large parts of the world, but according to most sources, the cradle of rum is on the island of Barbados in the eastern Caribbean.

Table of content

Caribbean

When you hear Caribbean, you start dreaming... sea, beach and a drink in your hand ... Our range therefore mainly comprises rums from the Caribbean, from the islands of Barbados, Cuba, Jamaica, the Dominican Republic and the French Antilles.

Martinique

Since 95 per cent of all rums are made from molasses and only a small proportion from sugar cane juice, Martinique, like Guadeloupe and La Réunion, has a special position among rum producers. Rhum Agricole, rum made from sugar cane juice, is produced here: Rum from Martinique is a rhum agricole with a high ester content. Its flavour is floral, fruity and extremely complex, and it bears the prestigious AOC seal of quality. The rum from the Caribbean island of Martinique is characterised by several special features!

  • As a French département, Martinique writes rhum with an additional 'H'.
  • Rhum Agricole is produced from fresh sugar cane juice, in contrast to molasses rum, which is obtained from the by-product of sugar production.
  • Production is subject to strict regulations and quality standards. The process involves pressing the sugar cane into juice, fermentation with natural yeasts and distillation in copper stills.
  • The AOC (Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée) seal of quality guarantees that the rhum is produced according to defined standards.

What does AOC mean?

The AOC certification for rum from Martinique was introduced in 1996 to protect and promote the uniqueness and quality of rhum agricole from this region. This certification is considered one of the strictest in the world of rum.

AOC stands for "Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée" and is a French certification system that protects and regulates the origin and quality of agricultural products. In the case of rum from the island of Martinique, AOC certification refers to the rhum agricole produced on this Caribbean island.

The most important features of AOC certification for Martinique rhum

Raw material - origin - production process - storage

  • The sugar cane used to produce the sugar cane juice for Rhum Agricole must come from freshly harvested sugar cane from the island of Martinique.
  • The entire production process, from the sugar cane harvest to the bottling of the rum, must take place in Martinique.
  • The production process, from pressing the sugar cane to fermentation with natural yeasts, distillation in copper stills and compliance with a minimum alcohol content of the end product, is subject to fixed regulations.
  • The ageing and storage of Martinique Rhum is also regulated. The rum must be matured in oak barrels made on the island for a minimum period of time in order to receive the AOC label

For the consumer, the AOC is a guarantee of consistently high quality. For Martinique, it stands for uniqueness, traditional craftsmanship and terroir.

Maturation and age of the rhums

Although an age is rarely stated on a bottle, there are a number of regulations on this subject:

White Rhum Agricole AOC must be stored in stainless steel barrels for at least 3 months. The purpose of storage is to absorb oxygen and thus homogenise the rhum.

Rhum Paille AOC and Rhum ambré AOC must be stored in oak barrels for at least 1 year.
After three years of storage, a rhum is considered old "vieux" and may be called Rhum Vieux Agricole.

VO - Very Old: aged for at least 3 years in Very Old oak barrels
VSOP - Very Superior Old Pale: aged for at least 4 years in oak barrels
XO - Extra Old: aged for at least 6 years in oak barrels

Rhums aged for even longer have designations such as "Très Vieux" and "Hors d'Age", which must be aged for over 10 years.

Some history

The cultivation of sugar cane is closely linked to European colonisation. As early as the 17th century, European settlers, particularly the French, began to cultivate sugar cane on the island for the production of sugar. As on other Caribbean islands, the cultivation of sugar cane on Martinique was highly dependent on slave labour. A by-product of sugar production was molasses, which was later used for rum production. Rum was produced from molasses for a long time until sugar beet replaced sugar cane for sugar production due to additional taxes, starting in Europe. Where there is no sugar production, there is no molasses! From then on, a different type of rum was created: rhum agricole. This is made from freshly pressed sugar cane juice.

More recently, in 1996, Martinique rum was awarded AOC certification, which regulates the origin and quality of Martinique rum.

To this day, rum is an important economic factor for the island of Martinique!

Rums in Martinique

The well-known rum brands in Martinique include Clément, Depaz, Dillon, Rhum J.M., Neisson, Saint James and Trois-Rivières. All of them are Rhum Agricole, which is distilled on the basis of sugar cane juice. Many are labelled with the AOC seal.

1731 Fine & Rare Barbados Rum 8 Years
1731 Fine & Rare Barbados Rum 8 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise Christmas Edition XO Reserve Rum Spirit /2023
A.H. Riise Christmas Edition XO Reserve Rum Spirit /2023
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise Christmas Edition XO Reserve Rum Spirit (B-Ware) /2023
A.H. Riise Christmas Edition XO Reserve Rum Spirit (B-Ware) /2023
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise Danish Navy Rum Spirit
A.H. Riise Danish Navy Rum Spirit
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise Danish Navy Rum Spirit (B-Ware)
A.H. Riise Danish Navy Rum Spirit (B-Ware)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise Non Plus Ultra Black Edition Rum Spirit
A.H. Riise Non Plus Ultra Black Edition Rum Spirit
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise Non Plus Ultra Black Edition Rum Spirit (B-Goods)
A.H. Riise Non Plus Ultra Black Edition Rum Spirit (B-Goods)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise Non Plus Ultra Very Rare Rum Spirit
A.H. Riise Non Plus Ultra Very Rare Rum Spirit
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise Non Plus Ultra Very Rare Rum Spirit (B-Ware)
A.H. Riise Non Plus Ultra Very Rare Rum Spirit (B-Ware)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise X.O. Reserve Superior Cask Rum Spirit
A.H. Riise X.O. Reserve Superior Cask Rum Spirit
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
A.H. Riise XO Founders Reserve
A.H. Riise XO Founders Reserve
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Aikan Whisky Intense Rhum Barrels
Aikan Whisky Intense Rhum Barrels
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT

Barbados

The island is considered the birthplace of rum and shows the original character of rum, which is made here from molasses. It tastes smooth and wonderfully balanced and is suitable for pure enjoyment or for mixing. Mount Gay Distillery, the oldest rum distillery, is also located here.

Cuba

Cuban rum is known worldwide and is an important export alongside Cuban cigars. It is distilled from molasses in the Spanish style and tastes mild yet full-bodied.

Jamaica

The rum is characterised by wild fermentation, is spicy and dark, mostly made from molasses and in the English style. The best-known distillery is Hampden Estate.

Dominican Republic

Produced in the Spanish style, the result is soft, sweet rums.

French Antilles, La Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint-Barthélemy and Saint Martin

Rhum Agricole, a French-style rum, is produced on the islands. Highly complex, made from fresh sugar cane juice, it is subject to the strict requirements of the AOC seal of protection (Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée). It is floral, fruity and often has a high ester content.

Jamaica Rum - Blue Marlin "Whisky.de exclusive"
Jamaica Rum - Blue Marlin "Whisky.de exclusive"
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Tres Hombres Rum Ed. 67 Republica Dominicana Solera 18 Years
Tres Hombres Rum Ed. 67 Republica Dominicana Solera 18 Years
0,5/ l · incl.  VAT
Rhum J.M VSOP (B-Ware)
Rhum J.M VSOP (B-Ware)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Old Bert Winter Spiced Rum
Old Bert Winter Spiced Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Papa Rouyo Le Réjéton Blanc Rhum 2021
Papa Rouyo Le Réjéton Blanc Rhum 2021
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Don Q Rum Cognac Cask Finish /2022
Don Q Rum Cognac Cask Finish /2022
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Appleton Estate Rum Nassau Valley Casks 21 Years
Appleton Estate Rum Nassau Valley Casks 21 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
FRC Caribbean Rum - Barbados & Jamaica (B-Ware) 5 Years
FRC Caribbean Rum - Barbados & Jamaica (B-Ware) 5 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Mezan Jamaica XO Rum
Mezan Jamaica XO Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Assortment Appleton Estate Masters Selection Rum
Assortment Appleton Estate Masters Selection Rum
0,6/ l · incl.  VAT
Brugal 1888 Ron Gran Reserva
Brugal 1888 Ron Gran Reserva
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Mount Gay XO Rum
Mount Gay XO Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT

Central America

Rum distilleries have also established themselves on the mainland in Central America. Almost all countries between Mexico in North America and Colombia in South America grow sugar cane and are in the rum business.

Guatemala

As in the Caribbean rum countries, the history of Central and South America goes back to colonial times. It was the Spanish who started rum production in Guatemala. Even after independence in 1821, rum production remained an important industry. Botran and Ron Zacapa are known worldwide.

Belize

The small country of Belize, which borders dense jungle to the west and the Caribbean coast to the east, was still a British colony until 1981 - incidentally the only British colony in Central America. The production of rum is a lucrative source of income alongside tourism.

El Salvador

This small country on the Pacific coast is known for its wonderful beaches and unfortunately also for its crime! The main export is coffee. There has been a single rum distillery since 2014! The Cihuatán distillery is run by a woman.

Nicaragua

The tropical location favours both sugar cane cultivation and maturation. Rum is produced from molasses. The Flor de Cana from the distillery of the same name has won a number of awards in recent years.

Costa Rica

The fertile land produces excellent quality sugar cane. The flavours range from sweet to spicy. Emphasis is placed on environmentally friendly production and sustainability.

Panama

The starting product is molasses and the storage is varied.

The Demon's Share Old Rodrigo's Reserve Rum Spirit 9 Years
The Demon's Share Old Rodrigo's Reserve Rum Spirit 9 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Ron Zacapa 23 Solera Rum (B-Goods)
Ron Zacapa 23 Solera Rum (B-Goods)
1/ l · incl.  VAT
Old St. Andrews Panama Rum Barrel 5 Years
Old St. Andrews Panama Rum Barrel 5 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Rum Nation Guatemala Rum XO 20th Anniversary Decanter (B-Ware)
Rum Nation Guatemala Rum XO 20th Anniversary Decanter (B-Ware)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
The Demon's Share rum spirit with 2 metal cans 6 Years
The Demon's Share rum spirit with 2 metal cans 6 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Cihuatán Rum Cinabrio with two glasses (B-goods) 12 Years
Cihuatán Rum Cinabrio with two glasses (B-goods) 12 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Ron Zacapa XO Rum with 2 glasses (B-goods)
Ron Zacapa XO Rum with 2 glasses (B-goods)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Rum Nation Panama Rum 10 Years
Rum Nation Panama Rum 10 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
1731 Fine & Rare Belize Rum (B-Goods) 12 Years
1731 Fine & Rare Belize Rum (B-Goods) 12 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Malteco Reserva Aneja Rum (B-Ware) 10 Years
Malteco Reserva Aneja Rum (B-Ware) 10 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Flor de Caña Centenario Rum with 2 glasses 12 Years
Flor de Caña Centenario Rum with 2 glasses 12 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Malteco Reserva Genuina Rum 6 Years
Malteco Reserva Genuina Rum 6 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT

South America

The climatic conditions for the cultivation of sugar cane were favourable and so rum production followed sugar production. Rum in the Spanish and French style became established from the 17th century and found its way to Europe.

Venezuela

Diverse rum comes from a country with a diverse landscape. The climate is ideal for both sugar cane cultivation and maturation. The flavour is spicy and strong.

Guyana

Among other things, El Dorado rum is produced here on the only wooden still still still in operation. This wooden distillation plant works in a similar way to a column still. It is produced in the English style.

Peru

Rum is made from molasses and sugar cane juice. It is worth mentioning that some of the rum is deliberately stored at higher altitudes, which results in significantly slower maturation.

Ecuador

The labels of Ecuadorian rums depict mountains such as Cimborazo, Pichinacha and the Cotopaxi volcano. Molasses is used as the base product.

Colombia

The rum is made from both molasses and sugar cane juice. The flavour ranges from light to strong. The Dictador from the Destilería Colombiana is well known. In addition to rum, Dictador Ortodoxy Gin, cigars and coffee are also sold here.

Botucal - Planas Blanco incl. free Botucal lunch box
Botucal - Planas Blanco incl. free Botucal lunch box
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
El Dorado Rum (B-Goods) 12 Years
El Dorado Rum (B-Goods) 12 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
FRC Ecuador Rum 6 Years
FRC Ecuador Rum 6 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Botucal Rum - Selección de Familia
Botucal Rum - Selección de Familia
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Dictador Rum Icon Reserve 20 Years
Dictador Rum Icon Reserve 20 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
El Dorado Rum 21 Years
El Dorado Rum 21 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
La Hechicera Reserva Familiar Rum
La Hechicera Reserva Familiar Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Botucal Mantuano Rum - Traditional Range (B-Goods)
Botucal Mantuano Rum - Traditional Range (B-Goods)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Botucal Mantuano Rum with Backpack
Botucal Mantuano Rum with Backpack
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Ron Canuto Ecuador Rum 7 Years
Ron Canuto Ecuador Rum 7 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
El Dorado Rum 15 Years
El Dorado Rum 15 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT

Africa

When people talk about African rum, they mean rum from the African islands located in the Indian Ocean in the east of Africa, Mauritius, La Réunion and the Seychelles.

Mauritius

Sugar cane is the main crop grown in Mauritius. The French brought it to the island. This meant that rum production was not far away. The flightless dodo bird is the island's emblem and is also depicted on the famous Lazy Dodo rum from Grays Distillery. Molasses from the company's own sugar cane cultivation and barrels from South Africa make up the rum.

Seychelles

The d'Offay brothers, who share a great passion for rum, founded the Takamaka distillery, Trois Frères Distillery - the only rum distillery in the Seychelles - in 2002. Takamaka is the name of the southern part of the island of Mahé off the East African coast.

La Réunion

The sugar factory with the adjoining Savanna distillery is one of the three rum distilleries on the island. The abundance of spices and fruits, such as vanilla, ginger, lychee and bananas, are good prerequisites for the typical Rhum Arrangé, a drink made from clear rum and these same fruits and spices.

Penny Blue XO Single Estate Mauritian Rum (B-Ware)
Penny Blue XO Single Estate Mauritian Rum (B-Ware)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Mhoba Rum Woodford Bourbon Cask 2019/2023
Mhoba Rum Woodford Bourbon Cask 2019/2023
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Savanna HERR 57 Rhum - 2022 Limited Edition 2019/2022
Savanna HERR 57 Rhum - 2022 Limited Edition 2019/2022
0,5/ l · incl.  VAT
Gold of Mauritius Dark Rum (B-Ware)
Gold of Mauritius Dark Rum (B-Ware)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Bristol Rum Mauritius Labourdonnais Cognac Finish 2010/2022
Bristol Rum Mauritius Labourdonnais Cognac Finish 2010/2022
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Takamaka St. Andre Zepis Creole Rum
Takamaka St. Andre Zepis Creole Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Lazy Dodo
Lazy Dodo
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Takamaka St. Andre Extra Noir Rum
Takamaka St. Andre Extra Noir Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Takamaka St. Andre PTI Lakaz Rum
Takamaka St. Andre PTI Lakaz Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
1731 Fine & Rare Mauritius Rum (B-Ware) 7 Years
1731 Fine & Rare Mauritius Rum (B-Ware) 7 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Gold of Mauritius Dark Rum
Gold of Mauritius Dark Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Gold of Mauritius Solera 5 Rum
Gold of Mauritius Solera 5 Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT

As mentioned at the beginning, rum distilleries can be found in many other countries around the world outside the rum nations. It is produced on the Australian continent, in the Philippines, in India at the Amrut distillery, already known from whisky, and in Spain, as well as on the islands of Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands and other countries around the world.

Rhum J.M Terroir Volcanique
Rhum J.M Terroir Volcanique
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Don Papa Single Island Rum 7 Years
Don Papa Single Island Rum 7 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Phraya Elements Rum
Phraya Elements Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Buckingham Palace Coronation Navy Rum /2023
Buckingham Palace Coronation Navy Rum /2023
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Tanduay Golden Asian Rum
Tanduay Golden Asian Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Koloa Kaua i Coconut Rum Spirit
Koloa Kaua i Coconut Rum Spirit
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Arehucas Ron Club 7 Years
Arehucas Ron Club 7 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Plantation Black Cask Edition - Barbados - Venezuela (B-Ware)
Plantation Black Cask Edition - Barbados - Venezuela (B-Ware)
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Plantation Black Cask Barbados - Cuba
Plantation Black Cask Barbados - Cuba
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Brew Dog 500 Cuts - Pineapple & Mango Rum
Brew Dog 500 Cuts - Pineapple & Mango Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
Equiano Rum
Equiano Rum
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
FRC Australian Small Batch Rum - Quokka Edition 7 Years
FRC Australian Small Batch Rum - Quokka Edition 7 Years
0,7/ l · incl.  VAT
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Sylvia Simm is an experienced employee of Whisky.de. After more than 20 years in online sales and service, she supports the company with her extensive whisky knowledge in marketing. As online editor and content manager, she is responsible for editing and updating the texts on the knowledge pages.

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